2013 / 4

NATURE

General Problems of Nature Management

The environmental problems of nature management

G.G. Shalmina, N.V. Kuleshova,

The Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Informatics

Environmental problems of nature management in the Russian Federation are considered in the article. The solutions of problems of rational nature management are presented.

Keywords: ecology, nature management, natural resources, rational nature management.

Mineral Resources

Extractive industries (From the Communique the leaders of the «Group of Eight», June 18, 2013, Lough Erne, Northern Ireland)

Water Resources

Environmental regulation of water bodies (The end of the article. The beginning in bulletin № 3, 2013)

L.S. Ponomareva, the Federal Centre for Analysis and Evaluation of the of Man-made Impact, the Federal Service for Ecological, Technical and Atomic Supervision (Rostekhnadzor)

There are an overview and a critical analysis of the quality system regulation of natural and waste water treatment in the Russian Federation. The comparison of numerical values of water quality standards in Russia, EU, Canada and in the United States were done. A system for organising and setting principles discharge standards substances from sewage in the Russian Federation was described. A brief analysis of its efficiency with suggestions for improving the system of rationing was done too.

Keywords: environmental regulation, water facilities, quality of natural and waste water treatment, water quality standards, discharge standards with wastewater, exposure limits for wastewater.

Land Resources and Soils

Resource-based approach to environmental assessment and standardisation permissible effects on soil

A.V. Smagin, Prof.-Dr.Sc. (Biology), the Faculty of Soil Science, the Moscow State University

There are studied problems of criteria and standards for the quality of the soil, as well as algorithms for its environmental and economic assessments using basic resource approach. The theoretical understanding of the methods and models of environmental regulation pressures on the soil in the form of material and energy flows is represented too.

Keywords: environmental regulation, soil quality, resource characteristics of soils, soil environmental assessment.

Forest Resources

Problems of increasing the efficiency of forest industry

V.I. Kashin, the Academician, the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (RAAS), the State Duma Committee on Natural Resources, Natural Resources Use and Ecology

This article is based on materials from speeches by the Chairman of the Duma Committee on Natural Resources, Natural Resources Use and Ecology, the Academician of RAAS V.I. Kashin at the meeting of the Presidium of the State Council on strengthening of the forest industry efficiency (April 11, 2013, Ulan-Ude).

Keywords: forest resources, forest economy, forest industry, the effectiveness of forest management, forest policy.

Biological Resources of Land

Grain farming in Russia

A.I. Klimentiev, Prof.-Dr.Sc. (Agricul.),

The Institute of Steppe, the Ural Branch, the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)

In the article there was made an attempt to trail development of grain farming in Russia on the statistic, scientific and productive basis. It passed a difficult way in its development: there were upwards and drops, errors and mistakes, severe droughts, destroying wars and difficult social problems for people. However, in spite of all this, cereal fields had been living and is still going on to exist in the country. It is happening thanks to Russian farm workers that are creators of all national values, thanks to their strong mind, heavy work and persistence as well as thanks to Russian land that is the keeper and source of any fortune. It is shown that factors like the lack of sensible agricultural policy, short-sighted hunger for saving, which is flourishing in all times, have lead to abandon villages and lands, which are not cultivated only because of the fact there no one lives and works. To lose our villages means to lose roots of Russia. So our future is ripening only in the Russian land, on the Russian fields, thanks to peasant’s work and care.

Keywords: grain farming, federal agricultural policy, Russian village, budgetary maintenance, increase in corn crop, reproduction of land resources.

Water Biological Resources

Еcologic and bioeconomic problems hitting commercial fisheries and their possible remedies

V.V. Shevchenko,Can.Sc. (Biology), the Deputy Director, the Science Department, the Federal State Institution «Central Department for Fisheries, Expertise and Norms for Protection and reproduction of Fish Stocks», the Federal Agency for Fisheries, A.A. Mayss, the senior researcher, the Far Eastern Federal University

The article attempts to summarise the scientific data and the impact of industrial fishing on the state of marine (aquatic) biological resources and ecosystems. It indicates the major issues of industrial (commercial) fishing in Russia; special attention is paid to the description of the negative impact they have on aquatic biological resources. It is revealed that the most significant problems are incidental catch, discarded juveniles, selective use of catch, pollution and destruction of spawning and feeding area. Therefore among other activities it is proposed to organise an institution of independent observers, to initiate the certification of fishing gear, to use better fish-searching and fishing equipment. All these steps will reduce the number of cases of violation of fisheries regulations and increase the efficiency of fishing.

Keywords: commercial fisheries, marine biological resources, ecologic and bioeconomic problems.

Climatic Resources

Statistical studying of pollution, qualitative condition and protection of atmospheric air in Russia (The continuation. The beginning in bulletin № 3, 2013)

A.D. Dumnov, Dr.Sc. (Economy), D.A. Boriskin, National Information Agency «Natural Resources», V.A. Rodin, the Federal State Statistics Service

The article was examined the origin and development of the information support of activities on atmospheric air protection in Russia, first of all the genesis of statistical work. There were researched information flows of sanitary supervision and monitoring of the state of air basin in the cities. There was done comprehensive analysis of statistical data, characterizing atmospheric pollution from various anthropogenic sources, and also actions on protection of the air basin. The analysis was given in the long retrospective.

Keywords: atmospheric air, air pollution, the emissions of harmful substances, sources of pollution, the cost (expenditures) of air protecting, payments for pollution

Environmental Protection

Theoretical aspects of environmental regulation (The end of the article. The beginning in bulletin № 3, 2013)

E.L. Vorobeichik, Dr. Sc. (Biology), the Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, the Ural Branch, the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)

In the article are considered problems that are important for the development of generalising the theory of environmental regulation, as well as an attempt to present the basic theoretical principles environmental regulation (ecovaluation).

Keywords: environmental regulation, environmental standards, ecosystem, environmental pressures, the maximum allowable environmental pressures.

Geodesy and Cartography

Classification, mapping and survey of urban soils (The end of the article. The beginning in bulletin № 3, 2013)

T.V. Prokofyeva, Can.Sc. (Biology), I.A. Martynenko, A.S. Yakovlev, Prof.-Dr.Sc. (Biology), M.V. Evdokimova, Can.Sc. (Biology), the Soil Science Faculty, the Moscow State University

There is developed the order of soil survey of land, which includes specific rules for mapping urban soils with the development of e-card program in Moscow, system of symbols and uniform system of names of soils, as well as the procedure for determining the environmental quality of the soil. The results of the survey should be material to fill a passport soil of the land and the development of measures to improve the environmental quality of the soil.

Keywords: urban soils, urban soils classification, mapping of urban soils, determining the environmental quality of urban soils.

AUTHORITIES AND NATURE

In the Presidential Administration

In the Federal Assembly

In the Government

NATURE AND HUMAN SOCIETY

Anniversaries

On the 75th anniversary of the Academician Dmitry Sergeyevich Pavlov

Save the Earth. From the mind of man to the noosphere. 150th anniversary Dokuchaevs pupils – V. I. Vernadsky and V. R. Williams

I.A. Trofimov, Dr.Sc. (Geograp.), L.S. Trofimova, Can.Sc. (Agricul.), E. P. Yakovleva, the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Forages

Eminent Russian scientists V. V. Dokuchaev, V. I. Vernadsky and V. R. Williams dedicated his life to solving important problems of a systemic approach to the study and reasonable respect for the Earth. Their names associated major breakthrough in biology, geography, ecology, environmental management, agricultural research and development in practice of their results. There are consider the global biosphere problems associated with unsustainable environmental management, which are activated as a result of the development of negative ecological processes in agricultural landscapes. Shows the crisis of agricultural lands of the planet, Russia, Central Chernosem region and the ways of environmental management in agriculture are represented too.

Keywords: environmental management, crops, farming, perennial grasses, biology, geography, agricultural landscapes

International Cooperation

Features of the formation of the international environmental Arctic policy

N.K. Harlampyeva, Can.Sc. (History), the St. Petersburg State University

Features of the formation of environmental policy in the Arctic region are considered in the framework of the legal paradigm of forming transnational environment of world politics in the Arctic region. Features of the formation of an international legal component relating to the Arctic region, are studied in the context of regional and international organisations in the North and in the Arctic.

Keywords: Arctic, Arctic region, environmental protection, environmental policy, international cooperation. international environmental law, the regional organisation.

Human Society and Nature

The Russians on the state of the environment (based on sociological surveys)

K.V. Abramov, Can.Sc. (Psychol.), the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center

There are data of sociological surveys polls from 2005 to 2013. the attitude of Russians to the state of the environment, presented at a meeting of Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev meets with members of the Expert Council of the Russian Government on strengthening the protection of the environment.

Keywords: social research, environmental protection, state of environment, environmental situation.

Calendar of Events

International, national and regional scientific and technical meetings, conferences, symposia, meetings, seminars, schools and exhibitions of natural resource and environmental orientation (September, 2013)