2014 / 2

NATURE

General Problems of Nature Management

Nature management and use of natural resources: problem of concepts relationship

V.B. Ibrahimov, Can.Sc. (Engin.), the Head of the Department, The Geology Institute, the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (GIA)

In this article a new approach to the definition of the key concepts of ecological legislation – «nature management», «use of natural resources» – is considered and problem of their relationship is analyzed.

Keywords: ecological legislation, concepts and their definitions, nature management, use of natural resources, concepts relationship.

Mineral Resources

Experience of geomagnetic study the geological structure and tectonic evolution of the marginal seas of Russia and adjacent territories

A.M. Gorodnizky, Prof.-Dr.Sc (Geology), Y.V. Brusilovsky, Can.Sc. (Geology), A.N. Ivanenko, Can.Sc. (Geology), N.A. Shishkina, the Institute of Oceanology, the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)

The results of the processing and interpretation of detailed geomagnetic surveys in the areas of marginal seas of Russia and adjacent territories is presented. Based on the original technology of processing and interpretation authors constructed a series of cuts, maps and block diagrams, which can be the basis of subsequent geotectonic zoning of studied areas and highlight areas promising to search for minerals, including oil and gas.

Keywords: detailed geomagnetic survey, geotectonic zoning, geomagnetic cuts, magnetic field, fine spatial structure, the Barents Sea, the White Sea, the Caspian Sea, the Kuril-Kamchatka zone.

Water Resources

Prospects of land reclamation and its role for providing food security in Russia

V.N. Shchedrin, the Academician, the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), the Director, G.A. Senchukov, Cand.Sc. (Engin.), the Deputy of Director, V.D. Gostishchev, Cand.Sc. (Agricul.), the Federal State Budget Scientific-Research Establishment «Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems»

The main negative reason for reducing the number of cattle is the lack of guaranteed forage reserve which in turn is closely correlated with the presence of reclaimed lands in these regions. Analysis of the climatic conditions, water and land resources of the federal districts allows selecting the territories where on the basis of an integrated approach for the development of land reclamation, agricultural, livestock and processing industry it is possible strategically to solve – to provide food security of Russia in the near and distant future.

Keywords: food security, livestock population, dairy products, meat products, forage, land reclamation, irrigation.

Land Resources and Soils

Scientific ensuring of agrolandscapes management

I.A. Trofimov, Dr.Sc (Geograph.), L.S. Trofimova, Can.Sc. (Agricul.), E.P. Yakovleva, the All-Russian Williams Fodder Research Institute, the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (RAAS)

Schematic agrogeoecosystems model and principles of agrolandscapes management (systematicity, environmental framework, landscape ecological balance, multi-layered and multifactor adaptation, economy and environment of unity, etc.) were developed. Scientific maintenance of agrolandscapes management shown in the example Central Chernozem natural economic area (CCA). The district is characterized by high agricultural development (78–82%) and plowed (60–62%) of land. Of the total area CCA agricultural land about 39% are erosion dangerous and 18% deflation dangerous, 21% of them already are eroded and deflated. Have found here that increase the share of environment stabilizing components of agricultural landscapes in the CCA (pastures, hayfields, forests, perennial grasses in structure of sown areas and crop rotation) by 15–20%.

Keywords: agricultural landscapes, environmental management, structure of sown areas, crop rotation, perennial grasses.

Forest Resources

On forests and forestry in the Russian Federation (The end of article. The beginning in bulletin № 1, 2014)

A.I. Pisarenko, the Academician, the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Russian Society of Foresters, V.V. Strahov, Dr. Sc. (Agricul.), All-Russian Research Institute for Forestry and Mechanization (VNIILM), the Federal Agency on Forestry (Rosleshoz)

The article examines the role of forests, their biosphere functions, protection and reproduction of forests, the current situation on the state forestry efficiency of the Russian forest sector, problems of forest management. There are given concrete proposals for improving forest law, the challenges of development the country’s forestry economics, creating an ecosystem forestry and sustainable forest governance in the subjects of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: the role of forests, ecosystem role biosphere functions, security, protection and reproduction of forests, forest management and forest legislation.

Biological Resources of Land

State account, inventory and monitoring of wildlife Russia – problems regulatory support

V.G. Krivenko, Prof.-Dr.Sc. (Biology), the Academician, the Academy of Natural Sciences, the Research and Cadastre Centre of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation

Reference of the report on the conference «Problems of legal support conservation and restoration of biological diversity in its business activities» (the Council of Federation, 27.02.2014).

Keywords: biodiversity, state account, cadastre (inventory), monitoring of wildlife.

Water Biological Resources

Legislative support increase efficiency the fisheries sector in the Russian Federation

E.G. Glubokovskya, Dr.Sc. (Medic.), the State Duma Committee on Natural Resources, Environment and Ecology

In article there are considered problems of legal regulation in the field of aquatic biological resources aimed at improving the performance of the fishery industry of Russia.

Keywords: aquatic resources, fishing industry, fishing, fisheries legislation.

Climatic Resources

Evaluation of the impact of climatic factors on tree stands on the White Sea coast by the method of international co-operative programme on integrated monitoring

E.A. Pozdnyakova, T.A. Pchelkina, post-graduate students, A.E. Koukhta, Can.Sc. (Biology), the Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, the Roshydromet and the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)

The International Co-operative Programme on Integrated Monitoring (ICP IM) under the auspices of the Convention on Longrange Transboundary Air Pollution in Europe is under way in the Northern Hemisphere. Detection of changes in natural biogeocoenoses of North Europe under the impact of changes in the Earth climatic system is one of the purposes of the ICP IM. The purpose of this work is to use ICP IM for detection of the response of P. sylvestris tree stands to fluctuation of the climatic system and definition of climatic limiting factors that are critical for pine-tree growth on the coasts of the Kandalaksha Bay in the White Sea. Studies suggest that temperature cannot be the limiting factor for pine-tree stands in the region. Identified responses of growth to water stress as a limiting factor defines the factor of moisture that is available for the greenery and depends on the amount of atmospheric precipitation.

Keywords: bioindication, limiting factors, pine, linear growth, climatic factors.

Recreational Resources

Environmental education activities in the reserves and national parks Russia

E.V. Filippova, the Department of state policy and regulation in the field of environmental protection and ecological safety, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation

On materials performance at 29 meeting of the Permanent Seminar at the Parliamentary Assembly of the Union of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation on the theme: «Practice, Problems and Prospects of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation» (14–15 June 2012, Brest).

Keywords: protected areas, nature reserves, national parks, ecological education.

Environmental Protection

Actual problems of analysis of payments for negative impact on the environment

A.D. Dumnov, Dr. Sc. (Economy), National Information Agency «Natural Resources» Informatics, A.A. Komyagina, Federal Water Resources Agency

This article is a continuation the discussion held on 4th All-Russian Congress of Environmental Protection (December 2013), on improving environmental financing and the use of payment instrument of nature resources use. The authors suggest when solving this problem based on reliable statistical information and its qualitative analysis. Then a study of the dynamics and structure of payments for negative impact on the environment in Russia in recent years was carried out. On this basis, there were defined the terms of the specific issues that need solutions.

Keywords: negative impact on the environment, environmental pollution payments, relationship of indicators, reliability statistics, factors.

Geodesy and Cartography

Mapping of radio environmental problems in the territory of Russia

Yu.A. Izrael, the Academician, the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), the Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, the Roshydromet and the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), V.V. Snakin, Prof.-Dr.Sc. (Biology), the Institute of Fundamental Problems of Biology, the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), the Moscow State University

The radioecological situation in the territory of f. USSR would be considered (major factors and consequences of radioactive pollution). The cartographical generalizations which have left in recent years in the specified area are analyzed. For receiving a full-fledged radioecological picture of the territory of f. USSR is noted need of additional cartographical researches for a zone of influence of the Semipalatinsk test site.

AUTHORITIES AND NATURE

In the Presidential Administration

In the Federal Assembly

In the Government

NATURE AND HUMAN SOCIETY

International Cooperation

Towards noosphere civilization

V.S. Chesnokov, Can.Sc. (Econom.), RAS Commission on the scientific heritage of the Academician V.I. Vernadsky

Regional Events

Natural resource potential and problems Environment Crimea

N.G. Rybalsky, Prof.-Dr.Sc. (Biology), E.V. Muravyova, NIA-Priroda

The article considers the state of the main natural resources of the Crimea and the evaluation of natural resource potential of the Crimea. Reviewed and analyzed the major environmental problems of the peninsula.

Keywords: natural resources, natural resource potential, ecological status of the Crimea.

Human Society and Nature

Year of ecology has ended ecology. What’s next?

A.K. Veselov, Can.Sc. (Yuris.), the Union of Ecologists, the Republic of Bashkortostan

The article examines the effectiveness of environmental protection in Russia and one of its major events – IV All-Russian Congress of Environmental Protection. The outcome of the Congress was considered.

Keywords: environmental protection, environmental policy, environmental community.

Calendar of Events

International, national and regional scientific and technical meetings, conferences, symposia, meetings, seminars, schools and exhibitions of natural resource and environmental orientation (May, 2014)